Adoption and use of Virtual Learning Environment During the Covid-19 Pandemic: A perspective of UTAUT3

Abstract

After COVID-19, schools have depended heavily on e-learning technologies and resources to adapt to online classrooms. This study validated the UTAUT 3 model at Ghanaian HEIs. SPSS and Smart PLS (Partial Least Square) were used to test our assumptions on 1,874 college students. Eleven of twelve hypotheses were supported; hence most UTUAT-3 components predict students' VLE adoption in HEIs. The model was 70% accurate in predicting students' VLE acceptance in HEIs. The study found that students' use of VLE is motivated by performance expectations (i.e., saving time and effort). This study shows that VLE adoption is largely dependent on the user's beliefs, experience, talents, confidence, personality, and others' opinions. This study is one of the first to combine intrinsic and extrinsic elements and expand the UTAUT-3 model with Website Design in Sub-Saharan Africa.